The study findings corroborate available evidence that port areas are “hot spots” for HIV transmission. The study also identifies significant structural and workplace issues of concern that further exacerbate the vulnerability of port-users to HIV. It is comforti ng to verify that the study does not show great differences in results between migrant and non-migrant workers, which points to port-users having equal access to informati on and services related to HIV and AIDS.

This study identifies a compelling but under-researched area of the HIV epidemic in Mozambique. The economic, social and cultural implications of the epidemic need to be thoroughly analyzed so that appropriate measures can be devised to prevent new infections, scale up treatment, and provide care and support to those most in need.

Content:

While there is a number of studies on prevalence of risk behaviors with respect to communicable diseases among labor migrants in Russia, practically no systematic research linking together their socio-economic background, life circumstances, awareness levels and information sources on communicable diseases has been conducted. At the same time in designing disease prevention campaigns, program planners need to take these factors into account.

Approximately 100,000 Bhutanese refugees live in camps in southeastern Nepal. Since December 2007 the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Nepal has conducted medical screening of Bhutanese refugees prior to resettlement in USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Denmark and Norway. Screening for TB included both sputum smears and cultures. The estimated prevalence of all forms of TB was 243 per 100,000 in Nepal (WHO, 2006), and 217 per 100,000 in Bhutanese refugee camps prior to resettlement (UNHCR, 2007).

Purpose: High volume of international migration calls for the establishment of financial and organizational mechanisms that would ensure provision of treatment for tuberculosis (TB) among migrants. In the case of countries like Russia where budget funding goes for TB treatment, the need is acute as delivering these services is affected by social perception that they should be provided to taxpayers only.

The partial reports provided by the 11 countries unveiled outstanding challenges and provided recommendations on broadly defined prevention as well as treatment and care of HIV, TB and AIs. Appendix 10 presents the Russian Federation profile.

The manuscript highlights some of the consequences of cross-border migration for caring for people with TB and ending this epidemic, as well as relevant issues on clinical and public health management of MDR-TB in Cameroon.