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Using artificial intelligence to read chest radiographs for tuberculosis detection: A multi-site evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of three deep learning systems

Deep learning (DL) neural networks have only recently been employed to interpret chest radiography (CXR) to screen and triage people for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). No published studies have compared multiple DL systems and populations. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of three DL systems (CAD4TB, Lunit INSIGHT, and qXR) for detecting TB-associated abnormalities in chest radiographs from outpatients in Nepal and Cameroon. All 1196 individuals received a Xpert MTB/RIF assay and a CXR…

The performance and yield of tuberculosis testing algorithms using microscopy, chest x-ray, and Xpert MTB/RIF

Abstract

Migration Health Annual Report 2018

The Migration Health Division of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) acts with Member States, UN agencies and other partners in the international community to meet the operational challenges of migration, advance understanding of migration health issues, encourage socioeconomic development through migration, and work towards ensuring respect of the human dignity and well-being of migrants. This report provides a snapshot of IOM’s health activities in 2018 and presents key…

Research on the Health Vulnerabilities of the Cross Border Migrants from Nepal

Reliable information on the health vulnerabilities and resilience factors of cross-border migrants and associated possible preventive measures is lacking. To remedy this gap and thereby facilitate the development of evidence-informed policy and programme development, this study was undertaken to assess the health vulnerabilities of Nepali migrants to India.

Regional Migrant Health Survey on Tuberculosis and HIV and Health Service Response for Migrants in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia

This regional survey report presents findings from qualitative and quantitative surveys among migrants in the South Caucasus countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The objective of the qualitative survey was to assess experiences with and access to public health-care services related to HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in migrants’ own countries and abroad. Specific goals were to clarify barriers in availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality (AAAQ) of TB and HIV health services…

An evaluation of a tuberculosis case-finding and treatment program among Syrian refugees—Jordan and Lebanon, 2013–2015

Abstract

Background: The displacement crisis in Syria poses challenges for tuberculosis (TB) control across the region. Since 2012 in Jordan and 2013 in Lebanon, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) has supported the National TB Program (NTP) in detecting and treating TB among Syrian refugees. In December 2016, IOM asked US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff to evaluate its program of support to Jordan and Lebanon’s NTPs for TB control among…

Migration Health Research Bulletin, Issue No. 16

Featured in the audio podcast section is an interview with one of the authors of a study that examines the effectiveness of pre-entry active tuberculosis and post-entry latent tuberculosis screening among new-entrant migrants to the United Kingdom. This issue profiles several book chapters outlining the health commitments within the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration and migration health governance. Research studies on community -based mental health and psychosocial…

HIV/AIDS and Population Mobility (French)

The role of migrants and mobile populations (MMPs) in the spread and control of HIV is increasingly being recognized and understood. While migration does not automatically equal HIV vulnerability, and not all MMPs are at increased risk of HIV as a result of their mobility, in many contexts MMPs are exposed to a unique set of sociocultural, economic, and environmental factors that render them more vulnerable to HIV including lack of access to health services, information,…

HIV/AIDS and Population Mobility (Spanish)

The role of migrants and mobile populations (MMPs) in the spread and control of HIV is increasingly being recognized and understood. While migration does not automatically equal HIV vulnerability, and not all MMPs are at increased risk of HIV as a result of their mobility, in many contexts MMPs are exposed to a unique set of sociocultural, economic, and environmental factors that render them more vulnerable to HIV including lack of access to health services, information, and environments…

Migration Health Research Bulletin, Issue No. 14

Articles featured in the landmark UCL-Lancet Commission report on Migration and Health in December 2018 and feature research papers centering on tuberculosis and human mobility are profiled. Also, a study that summarizes the work done to address the legal obstacles that migrants face in accessing health services in the Greater Mekong Subregion countries and its impact on malaria elimination as well as a study looking at whether the risk of suicidal behaviour is increased in left-behind…